Estudo econômico da compensação de energia elétrica por geração compartilhada em comparação ao autoconsumo local para consumidores do grupo B em Pernambuco

Abstract

The objective of this work is to conduct a financial feasibility study comparing two compensation modalities: local self-consumption and shared generation. Recognizing that many community members are unfamiliar with how shared generation operates, this study will outline the guidelines governing consumer units in this model, as well as the legal regulatory framework that underpins these operations. In addition to educational efforts, the study will analyze cash flows, focusing on Group B consumer classes, specifically residential and commercial users, which are prevalent in Brazil. The methodology involved collecting technical characteristics of the consumer profiles and estimating electricity consumption and generation over a 25-year period, a common timeframe for assessing photovoltaic solar projects. Multiple estimates were conducted, considering various parameters specific to the Neoenergia Pernambuco concession area. The analysis also explored the implications of the GD I and GD II scenarios introduced by Law No. 14,300 in 2022, which established the legal framework for microgeneration and distributed mini-generation. The study will identify the required investments for implementing solar plants, utilizing financial indicators such as Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Return on Investment (ROI), Payback, and Break-Even Point to evaluate the feasibility of both compensation modalities. Through this comprehensive analysis, the study aims to provide insights into the most promising options for consumers in Brazil’s evolving energy landscape.