A participação social como estratégia de desenvolvimento local sustentável: estudo do reassentamento da Vila Produtiva Rural VPR Negreiros, no projeto da transposição do Rio São Francisco

Abstract

The project of the São Francisco River Transposition aims at integrating watershed in northern Northeast, as a form of service to twelve (12) million Northeast, the states of Pernambuco, Paraíba, Ceará and Rio Grande do Norte; region that historically suffer by water availability. Among the mitigation measures imposed by the Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA) the environmental impacts of this implementation, contained the expected resettlement of eighteen (18) Villages Rural Production (RVP). In this scenario, family participation, during the resettlement of populations, is presented as a necessity for sustainable local development; this development, as recommended in the Basic Environmental Program (PBA) specific service for this project. This dissertation analyzes the social participation of 26 (twenty-six) directly impacted families in the resettlement process to Productive Vila Rural VPR Negreiros, located in Pernambuco semiarid in Salgueiro, Pernambuco municipality. The methodology included the use of documentary research to theoretical studies and documentary sources, participant observation (in situ), and relevant content inspection, which found the participatory process developed with the families of that village Rural Production (VPR) with a view to self-sustainability. The categories analyzed were: social participation, environmental education and sustainability for local development. For a better understanding and starting from the adaptation of methodologies applicable to this type of study a Social Participation Index that allowed to classify this community participation during that resettlement was obtained. Was observed in the environmental dimension, the perception on the use of Social and Environmental Structures, has measured an IPS of 76.75%, which corresponds to a level of category "SATISFACTORY PARTICIPATION" in the scale of social participation. In the social dimension, it had the IPS 62.50% for the participation in Community Actions before the transfer, which corresponded to a level category of "LOW PARTICIPATION" but that, by analogy, it was found that currently 96% families participate as associated activities carried out by the Association of resettled (ARVIPRON). Satisfying as the Social Welfare Actions, inferred an IPS 72%, higher than the IPS of 29.16% prior to the transfer of families, which was framed after the transfer of families, the level of "SATISFACTORY PARTICIPATION" in scale Social Participation. This study confirms the participation in the social organization of the actors involved throughout the resettlement process, but also warns that the desired process of sustainable local development, to the verified time in this research, is far from the current reality of families, mainly due to not effective practice of productive bias and all its framework, still dependent on the conclusion of the São Francisco river Transposition Project.