AVALIAÇÃO DOS INDICADORES DO OBJETIVO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL 11 - CIDADES E COMUNIDADES SUSTENTÁVEIS DA AGENDA 2030 NA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DO RECIFE - PERNAMBUCO

Abstract

One of the biggest challenges for sustainable development is the adequate management of urban spaces, since the increase in population in urban areas in the world is increasing and in Brazil this trend is repeated. In 2014, 54% of the world's population lived in urban areas, with a growth projection to 66% in 2050. In 2030, 41 megacities with more than 10 million inhabitants are estimated (Observa Niterói, 2021). This issue is one of the central themes of the 2030 Agenda of the United Nations (UN, 2015), with the approval of its 193 member states. This agenda, proposed to be implemented from 2016 to 2030, is a strategic action plan that starts from the recognition that the eradication of poverty, in all its forms and dimensions, is the greatest global challenge to sustainable development. It established seventeen Sustainable Development Goals (17 SDGs), 169 targets and 232 indicators, the achievement of which will require a global partnership with the engagement of all – governments, civil society, the private sector, academia, the media and the UN. Themes intrinsically related to urbanization, such as mobility, solid waste management and sanitation, are included in the goals of Sustainable Development Goal 11 (SDG 11), as well as planning and increasing the resilience of human settlements, taking into account the differentiated needs of rural, periurban and urban areas. SDG 11 is in line with the New Urban Agenda, agreed in October 2016, during the III United Nations Conference on Housing and Sustainable Urban Development. In this context, the present research aimed to evaluate the performance of municipalities in the Metropolitan Region of Recife (RMR), Pernambuco in relation to achieving the goals of SDG 11 - making cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable, with with a view to proposing an Incentive and Monitoring Manual for SDG 11, observing the adequacy of the global goals to the Brazilian reality, considering the strategies, plans and national and local policies that can promote the guarantee of sustainable development in the next decade. The research was elaborated from the data collection of the 8 indicators related to the 7 goals of SDG 11 available in the database of official agencies (IBGE, IPEA, BDE and PCS), based on information in the period immediately prior to the effective date. from the 2030 Agenda to its evolution today (2010, 2016 and 2019). The results obtained present a diagnosis of the situation of the RMR in relation to the performance of the indicators of SDG 11, pointing out the main challenges that the RMR needs to face to implement the 2030 Agenda. Indicator 11.6.1 - Proportion of urban solid waste collected and managed in facilities controlled by the total urban waste generated, by cities it had the best performance, where 93.69% have adequate disposal, contributing to the achievement of goal 11.6 - Reduce the negative environmental impact per capita of cities. On the other hand, indicator 11.3.2 - Proportion of cities with a structure of direct participation of civil society in urban planning and management that operates on a regular and democratic basis, had a very low performance, as all municipalities have 50% or no direct participation of society, requiring more effective actions to reach the goals. Among the relevant public policies that were identified, the project reusing oil and leading the lives of the municipality of Abreu e Lima and the unprecedented partnership for joint action in the state of Pernambuco between UN-Habitat and the United Nations Children's Fund stood out. (UNICEF). Therefore, the present research sought to contribute to the efforts to achieve the goals of SDG 11 of the 2030 Agenda, with a manual to guide municipalities in this regard.