Novo Ensino Médio: percepção dos profissionais da educação sobre o processo de implementação

Abstract

This research has the general objective of “analyze the implementation process of the New High School, in relation to the difficulties in developing the fifth Training Itinerary – Technical and Professional Training”. Specifically, it intends to: analyze the guidelines for implementing New High School in national normative documents and those of the Pernambuco State Education Network; analyze the perception of education professionals about the difficulties in developing the fifth Training Itinerary of the New High School in the Technical Course in Nutrition and Dietetics Medium-Integrated; produce an educational product consisting of a Podcast about the difficulties in developing the fifth Training Itinerary – Technical and Professional Training. The methodology used is qualitative, with documentary research and field research carried out. Initially, exploratory research was carried out through the analysis of national normative documents and the Pernambuco State Education Network. Next, field research was developed using a Semi-Structured Interview with six (6) education professionals who work at a State Technical School - ETE, located in the state of Pernambuco. To analyze the data collected in normative documents and in field research, we used categorical content analysis of an inductive nature. Based on the results of documentary and field research, the Educational Product composed of the Podcast “The Implementation of the New High School (NEM)” was applied, divided into two Episodes: Episode 1: The context of the High School Reform - Law nº 13,415 of 2017 and Episode 2: The perception of education professionals about the difficulties in the New High School – NEM. The results of the documentary research revealed that the guidelines in the normative documents define a pedagogical approach based on interdisciplinarity, autonomy, protagonism and innovation, seeking to integrate the Training Itineraries into four structuring axes: scientific investigation; creative processes; sociocultural mediation and intervention; and entrepreneurship; with a view to developing diverse skills for comprehensive training. However, it was identified that the current Architecture of the New High School Curriculum offered in state schools in Pernambuco promotes a setback in the integral and omnilateral training of students. The results of the field research revealed that, in the perception of education professionals, the fragmentation of the curriculum, the transformation of Technical and Professional Training into a Training Itinerary, the lack of teacher training, the unfeasibility of the theory and practice relationship, the lack of infrastructure and funding in schools, are factors that are impacting the permanence and integral and omnilateral training of students. We conclude that the difficulties in implementing the New High School are related to the absence of dialogue with education system managers, the school community, teaching professionals, students, researchers, and specialists in the field of education, and with civil society, to formulate the Law No. 13,415/2017, with a view to preparing the text and strategies and actions to implement the High School Reform.