Modelo de logística reversa aplicado para embalagens em empresa do setor domissanitário

Abstract

The pattern of production and consumption, adopted by the modern society, exerts great damages to the environment in the present time, since it establishes an infinite consumption of finite natural resources. Federal Law No. 12,305, dated August 2, 2010, establishes the National Solid Waste Policy, which includes the obligation of Reverse Logistics, assigning responsibilities to all actors in the production and consumption chain, who must return the post- consumption to the manufacturer and to this responsibility to destine in an environmentally correct way the produced packages. In this sense, this study deals with the theme of reverse logistics and presents as a problem the ideal model to be applied to the packaging of a company that manufactures cleaning products, cosmetics and food sauces, located in the metropolitan area of the city of Recife, state of Pernambuco. We performed a comparative study adopting a binary method where zero or one were assigned to the criteria established in each comparative model. Sixty-eight publications were selected, whose theme was reverse logistics. From this sample, seventeen case studies that presented reverse logistics models applied to packages were pre-selected. By the criterion of capacity of implementation, six models were identified for the comparative test. The models selected for their applicability were: first was the company Baterias Moura where the vehicle batteries are collected that are reused 100 percent in the production of new batteries. The second model chosen was that of O Boticário, where urns were installed in its stores for the collection of glass and cardboard packages that are later collected by associated collectors. The third model is the initiative of a bank network for the collection of batteries. The fourth model was the company Reciclanip which is a recycler created with the purpose of performing the logistics of used tires, collected at collection points. The fifth model was that of glass bottles of a beer shrink, whose delivery trucks are also responsible for collecting these containers. The bottler gives discount for each bottle returned. And finally was the Pepsi Cola model that installed Voluntary Delivery Point (PEV) in some wholesalers. This delivery is done through machines that collect only the brand's post-consumer containers and discourage discounts on their branded products. The result of the comparative study recommends the model that obtains the highest score in relation to the criteria analyzed. Among the identified models the Pepsi Cola reverse logistics model was pointed out as the ideal for the field company of this research.