O uso da wetland paisagística como elemento para despoluição de rios e requalificação urbana

Abstract

The urban streams are of great importance for the cities, since they help them in the withdrawal of rainwater, they are rechargeable, they maintain water in relation to the ground in their banks and atmosphere, they soften the local temperature, and they provide good esthetic effect for the contemplative leisure. However, most urban workers are degraded to the process of urbanization and planning for land occupation and the lack of high sanitation and drainage services. In the Brazilian municipality of Recife/PE, one of the main causes of pollution of the bodies and bodies of water of the Capibaribe River basin is considered without treatment of sewage without treatment in the rivers, due to lack of basic sanitation in the city. Currently, there is a project to clean up a plant implanted in the metropolitan region, the result of a Public Private. However, even if this data collection plan was extended with high sewage load, considering the implantation of a collection in areas with precarious urbanization. In addition to environmental damage, again the situation is that it can bring a vicious risk of rejection of streams, which are no longer seen as attractive places and with environmental responsibility, and are treated only as dirty channels, where everyone can discharge their sewage and rubbish. From this problematic, this dissertation aimed at studies on respect to a complementary alternative to the pollution of the streams called built wetland, allied to urban and landscape requalification around the river, resulting in a creation of the name wetland landscape. Thus, including the streams that comprise a basin of the Capibaribe river, if the stream is located in the Plaza Compositor Antônio Maria, in the neighborhood of Santana, as a place to propose an urban material, a landscape wetland, aiming at water treatment and revitalization around the square under study. The methodology of the work involved: bibliographic research; the elaboration and application of a semi-structured questionnaire to evaluate the environmental perspective of the population in relation to the water body that cuts the square and the elaboration of a landscape architectural project. In addition, through field visits, it was observed that the creek receives a large amount of domestic effluent and rainwater, but maintains its margin preserved in the natural form without being channeled. The results obtained with the interviews indicated that the majority of the population would like the stream to be renaturalized and that the square be revitalized with the implantation of new urban furniture. Finally, this dissertation concluded that the applicability of new sustainable forms of water remediation should be encouraged, adding landscape, architectural and social valuation to the surroundings of streams and bodies of water, also turning them into public areas with urban furniture to be enjoyed by the local population.