Análise socioambiental da comunidade Califórnia em Ipojuca – Pernambuco

Abstract

This research presents a socio-environmental diagnosis of the California community, in Ipojuca, Pernambuco. The objective of this work was to analyze the socioenvironmental aspects of this community and present an Environmental Education proposal, as a mediator to mitigate the identified impacts. With a qualitative and quantitative approach, the following data collection instruments were used: observations, photographic records, application of semi-structured interviews with residents and water collection for quality analysis. The survey was conducted between the months of January and December 2019. Initially, a survey of the socio environmental reality of the place was carried out and a semi-structured interview was conducted with the residents, totaling a sample of 35 interviewees. Subsequently, the main sources of drinking water distribution in the community were identified, where collections and water samples were taken from the main reservoir to analyze their potability, followed by the preparation of environmental education material. Through the data obtained, it was possible to verify: the precariousness in basic sanitation services such as the disposal of solid waste and sanitary sewage, together with the lack of infrastructure for storm drainage. It was also observed that the residents of the community do not have access to piped water and that the main source of distribution of drinking water is a central reservoir, installed and maintained by the City Hall, called a fountain. It was found that some residents rely on the help of individual wells drilled on the property, called cacimba, however, it was not possible to analyze the quality of said individual wells. Despite the precarious conditions, the interviewees presented a good understanding of the impacts of their activities on the environment. As for laboratory analyzes, it was found that the samples collected in the fountain and in a cacimba meet the potability standards set by Annex XX of PCR No. 5 of September 28, 2017 of the Ministry of Health. However, for this research, if only one collection of these reservoirs is made, the ideal quantity to express the reality of the community is not constituted. Therefore, it is suggested that other collections be carried out by the government, covering a greater number of reservoirs and that they be carried out in different periods. In view of the identified problems, an educational material was developed and delivered based on the needs of residents in relation to conscious water consumption. The data of this research show that the situation of basic sanitation in the community is critical, having as central problems the lack of access to the internal water supply network, which leads residents to carry out inadequate strategies, exposing themselves to health risks. It is suggested that studies in the community be expanded with mitigation actions