Análise do perfil clínico epidemiológico em uma maternidade de pequeno porte no Agreste Pernambucano

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the clinical and epidemiological profile at a small maternity hospital located in the Agreste region of Pernambuco. Methods: A cross-sectional, retrospective study conducted from January to March 2026 in Pesqueira, Pernambuco. Data were collected through the analysis of medical records using a questionnaire adapted from “Nascer no Brasil II.” Inclusion criteria included medical records of pregnant women, parturient, and newborns containing information on prenatal care, delivery, and complications. Exclusion criteria included duplicate records or those with illegible entries, non-pregnant patients who were victims of sexual violence, and records of transfers prior to the completion of care. A total of 182 patients were analyzed in the study, of whom 77 signed the informed consent form and 105 were identified through documented transfer records at the institution. The data were organized in Google Forms® and Google Sheets® for descriptive analysis. The research project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee (Opinion No. 8.028.736), in accordance with the guidelines of CNS Resolution No. 466/2012. Results: The sociodemographic and gestational variables were analyzed and classified in order to obtain the sociodemographic and obstetric profile of the participating women, which were: 1- Characterization of maternal conditions and social profile with reproductive age (51.65%), high school education (46.75%), low income (39.01%), and absence of marital bonds (31.32%). 2- Characterization of the care profile, related to the large presence of primigravida (20.88%) who receive adequate prenatal care (50.65%). 3- Obstetric outcomes, predominance of cesarean sections (72.73%), with various complications and term gestational age (71.17%), skin-to-skin contact (63.64%) and breastfeeding in the first hour of life (75.32%), and immediate cord clamping (33.77%). 4 - Transfers (57.69%), a high number of records, with the main reason being the unavailability of staff (52.38%). Furthermore, a lack of records was found in all the topics analyzed in the study. Conclusion: The investigation of health indicators is essential to identify weaknesses and strengths in health services. In this context, the maternity ward has a capacity compatible with the demand and presents satisfactory outcomes, but structural, care-related, and organizational challenges that impact the quality of care persist. It becomes essential, therefore, to improve the quality of health records, enhance local problem-solving capacity, and effectively implement evidence-based practices, aiming at the continuous improvement of maternal and childcare.