Os desafios da integração do ODS 9 da Agenda 2030 na gestão ambiental das indústrias de grande porte da Região Metropolitana do Recife, Pernambuco - Brasil

Abstract

Discourses on industrial production demand the incorporation of practices that promote environmental issues, which leads to the recognition of industries as potential consumers of natural resources and generators of waste. Thus, a management model that balances manufacturing production with sustainability is essential, in line with the UN's 2030 Agenda (2015), specifically SDG 9 - Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure. The aim of this research is to assess the integration and performance of the policies, programs, projects and actions adopted in the environmental management strategies of large-scale industries in the Metropolitan Region of Recife (RMR), in relation to SDG 9. The conceptual structuring followed a bibliographic and documentary survey. The criteria used to define large industries followed parameters set by Sebrae and IBGE, considering the number of employees, active status in the National Register of Legal Entities (CNPJ) and classification of industrial activity according to the CNAE. Based on simple stratified random sampling, a target population of 231 industries was identified, 13 of which were selected for analysis. The primary data was collected on the digital platforms of the 13 industries and organized by a Checklist, drawn up based on the five steps of the Sustainable Development Goals Compass (SDG, 2023) and the three guiding axes of SDG 9 (IPEA, 2023): (1) Resilient infrastructure, (2) Inclusive and sustainable industrialization and (3) Fostering innovation. The answers to the questions on the Checklist were classified according to the Likert Scale (0 - does not meet; 2 - partially meets; 4 - meets), and then analyzed using the Traffic Light method, in which performance was categorized as red (does not meet), yellow (partially meets) and green (meets). The results pointed to worrying gaps in industries' commitment to resilient infrastructure, sustainable industrialization and innovation. Targets 9.1 (quality, resilient and sustainable infrastructure), 9.2 (inclusive and sustainable industrialization), 9.4 (industrial modernization and sustainability) and 9.5 (strengthening innovation and scientific research) stand out as being the most integrated with environmental management strategies, with Petrobras, Refrescos Guararapes, Cervejaria Petrópolis and White Martins standing out as demonstrating a strong commitment to modernizing their operations through sustainable and low-carbon technologies. Target 9.b (promoting innovative industrial technologies through research and development) was partially addressed by these companies. However, targets 9.3 (access to financial services and markets for small businesses) and 9.c (universal access to the internet) were the least addressed, highlighting the need to expand the activities of industries in all dimensions of SDG 9. In the RMR, 69.2% of industries are at the “Meets” level of the Likert Scale, showing that the majority of large industries in the region are aligned with the resilient infrastructure targets of SDG 9, especially in the use of renewable energy, energy efficiency and modernization of industrial processes. Finally, the results were consolidated in the SDG 9 Implementation Incentive Manual, which presents guidelines for incorporating environmental management actions in line with the 2030 Agenda, reinforcing the need for a broader local commitment to sustainability