Educação em saúde como estratégia para prevenção da transmissão vertical da sífilis: revisão integrativa

Abstract

To analyze, through an integrative literature review, the impact of health education on the prevention of vertical transmission of syphilis. Methods: The research was conducted between September 2024 and April 2025 in databases such as LILACS, BDENF, MEDLINE, and Coleciona SUS, using controlled descriptors in Portuguese, English, and Spanish. Eleven articles published between 2020 and 2025 were selected. Results: The findings were organized according to the main issues identified: lack of information about vertical transmission of syphilis, difficulty in early diagnosis and treatment of pregnant women and their partners, socioeconomic vulnerability of pregnant women, and absence of educational actions during prenatal care. It was observed that lack of knowledge about the disease, low adherence to treatment, and nonparticipation of partners hinder the control of congenital syphilis. Conclusion: Health education is a fundamental tool for reducing the vertical transmission of syphilis, especially when promoted during prenatal care by primary health care professionals, with emphasis on the role of nursing. It is essential to develop public policies that encourage educational practices, enhance the qualification of health teams, and integrate preventive, educational, and care actions. Such measures are crucial for protecting maternal and child health and for reducing disease rates.