Alocação de eletroposto para veículos elétricos: estudo de caso na rede de distribuição de Garanhuns-PE

Abstract

The growing adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) poses challenges to electrical infrastructure. This work proposes a methodology for optimizing the allocation and capacity of fast charging stations in the Garanhuns distribution network, considering technical and social aspects. The study uses computational modeling in the OpenDSS software, bringing power flow simulations and various test scenarios for identifying the ideal locations of charging stations with the least impact on energy quality. In the present study, three feeders from the Garanhuns electrical network were analyzed, namely feeders 220, 250, and 254, evaluating voltage quality indices and maximum accommodation capacity. The feeders are distributed in different regions of the city. The results of the analysis indicated that feeder 254 has the highest accommodation capacity among the feeders studied, being capable of supporting up to 663,000 kW at a connection point located in the Novo Heliópolis neighborhood. About the other feeders analyzed, feeder 250 also stands out, as it has a strategic location in the Heliópolis neighborhood and the capacity to support a maximum power of 306,200 kW at its connection point. The methodology proved to be effective in minimizing impacts on the network and ensuring the viability of electric mobility in the city. It is concluded that the proposed approach can be applied in other cities, contributing to efficient charging infrastructure planning.