Avaliação da efetividade de gestão de áreas protegidas da Região Metropolitana do Recife

Abstract

The Brazilian Atlantic Forest has a high degree of deforestation, with a reduction of 91.5% of its original coverage over the last 500 years. Due to its biological richness and its degree of devastation, it is considered one of the 28 hotspots of biodiversity in the world. Their compositions are presented as a mosaic that includes different phytophysiognomies, dense, open and mixed ombrophilous forests, deciduous and semideciduous seasonal forests, highland marshes, mangroves and restingas. This ecological diversity makes the biome richer and consequently more exploited. In the state of Pernambuco, precisely in the Metropolitan Region of Recife, forest remnants of Atlantic Forest have their integrity guaranteed through the creation of protected areas in urban and rural spaces. These protected areas are organized into three groups: permanent preservation areas, conservation units and the botanical garden. The latter two are areas that have physical delimitation, specific objectives, management and management defined and ensured in the legal framework of federal and state laws. The conservation units and the botanical gardens have as objectives the conservation of biodiversity, research, education and, depending on the category of the conservation unit, leisure. To meet these goals, areas need to ensure infrastructure to support activities and consistent and effective planning. The present work had the objective of evaluating the structure and effectiveness of three protected areas of the metropolitan region of Recife using the Rapid Assessment and Prioritization of Management methodology - RAPPAM, a method already consolidated for protected areas and used in several countries. In this research the method was re-adapted to the reality of the protected areas object of the study, the Botanical Garden of Recife, the State Park of Dois Irmãos and the Ecological Station of Caetés. The results demonstrate that the three areas have an intermediate degree of effectiveness, with average percentages between 50 and 60% and with coincident weak points.