Desenvolvimento de um sistema de informações geográficas aplicado à fiscalização do uso dos recursos hídricos no Estado de Pernambuco (SIGFIS)

Abstract

The water resources management in Brazil and in the world has been transforming throughout history. Most recently, one of the biggest challenges on this management is the seeking for the reduction of conflicts related to the various purposes of water use, especially in the face of a climate scenario whose scientific consensus points to a warming of the Earth's surface average temperature. In Pernambuco State, whose territory is almost entirely inserted in an desertification susceptible area, and where the current climatic conditions place it as one of the biggest water deficits in Brazil, the water management needs to look for efficiency. One of the instruments setted in water resources policies is the usage enforcement, which has an educational and regulatory character, in the sense of aiming a balance among the users. Such instrument needs materials and human enhancement, so do other public services. Geographic information systems have been showing up as one of the main allies of public managers, especially on the natural resources management. Thus, this work has as major aim to develop geographic information systems for the water resources usage enforcement in Pernambuco (SIGFIS). To achieve this, the methodology adopts as steps for modelling the SIGFIS, data collect, creation of a database, standardization of data, and data compatibility. Allied to this, the rules revision helps the thematic maps creation with geoprocessing software. Parallel to SIGFIS modelling, there is a modelling of a mobile application for the practical activity with the system, through the establishment of flowcharts requiring and tecnological solution definition, regarding the web server, the programming language, the application-programming interface for integration, the database engine and the application-programming interface for geolocate. The results achieved present information plans determined for the integration between enforcement and environmental management in Pernambuco, clustered by cadastral and thematic database and by legally relevant territorial data. With the results of the information plans determined and some geoprocessing tools, it is possible to verify some important information in the management of water resources, which may subsidize other studies and suggestions on legal matters. It is expected that SIGFIS can represent speed in obtaining data and information for the enforcement process, as well as a considerable reduction in expenses with the mobilization of staff to work in the territory of Pernambuco. In addition to representing a technological adaptation of the Monitoring and Enforcement Department of Apac to meet the increase and complexity of the demands of said department.