Estratégias didáticas para o ensino de física: uma análise das tendências em duas instituições públicas de ensino médio

Abstract

The objective of our work was to investigate the main didactic strategies that have been used by High School Physics Teachers from two public schools and, above all, the perceptions of these practices for students. The field of research was two public schools in the Agreste of Pernambuco, two teachers and 10 students participated in the research. For this study, we used applied research (where this type of research brings new ideas through practical application) and descriptive research with a qualitative approach. As data collection instruments we used, observations of classes and questionnaires, the class observations took place in two high school classes in the Agreste de Pernambuco, with 10 hours/class per class, the questionnaires were applied to the teachers and students of the two institutions in the Agreste de Pernambuco. The results indicated the marked presence of classes still very focused on traditional teaching, with the development of a mechanical practice, focused on theoretical expositions and the valorization of calculations. When we crossed the data, we identified a lack of harmony between theory and practice, since in the questionnaires the teachers expressed the need for a more dynamic physics teaching, with the use of experimental practices. Regarding the students' positioning, a certain dissatisfaction with the absence of more contextualized classes, the lack of classes in the laboratories and the use of experimental practices in laboratories was evident. However, it is necessary to pay greater attention to the teaching of science, in search of innovative teaching and its execution in the classroom.v