Análise dos planos e programas de monitoramento de impactos ambientais apresentados no EIA/RIMA da barragem Serro Azul - Pernambuco

Abstract

The realization of constructions, mostly large scale ones, such as dams, has the potential to cause large scale damage to the environment. In reason of this harmful potential, the Brazilian legislation requires that the realization of determined constructions be preceded by studies that aim to check the viability of those constructions, which are many times considered viable given the environmental programs that are proposed, given that those bring the expectation to reduce the environmental damage. In view of this problem, this study has its main objective as the analysis of the program of environmental control and monitoring of the dam Barragem Serro Azul (construction situated in the state of Pernambuco, Palmares county) present in the Estudo de Impacto Ambiental (EIA). The focus of this study was to determine if the entrepreneur complied with the requirements relative to the environmental programs made by the responsible environmental agency. Agência Estadual de Meio Ambiente (CPRH). The compliance with such requirements together with the effective realization of those programs is indispensable to minimize the negative environmental impacts and to amplify the positive effects which will benefit the environment and the population itself. The analysis of the environmental impacts originating from the implementation of the construction was also carried out, given that they are related to the environmental programs, the link between both exists because the programs were created so that the population is able to fully enjoy the benefits brought by the construction without it causing environmental and social damages capable of overcoming the advantages brought by the construction. In order to carry out the analysis of the programs an analysis of the matrix of impacts and programs presented by the EIA was made, looking for the identification of flaws, incoherences and omissions present in the document. For such an inquiry, used as the basis were the requirements made by the CPRH (present in the reference term), environmental impact evaluation techniques presented in the study, and also was made a verification regarding the organization of the data already presented (given that albeit technical the EIA must have language level accessible to the population). As a result a number of fragilities were identified in the document such as: the absence of data and the absence of countless programs required by the environmental agency, furthermore, from a visited to the construction site it was identified that the completion of the construction is late and despite the advanced stage of the construction there is still proximity between the population and the dam, causing risks to the people.