Fenômenos ondulatórios: uma proposta de sequência de ensino para turmas do ensino fundamental

Abstract

The general objective of this study was to analyze the contributions of implementing a proposed teaching sequence, addressing wave phenomena, in classes with students in the 9th year of Elementary School in Science, using experiments with low-cost materials. The proposal comprised three distinct moments. The first step consisted of applying a survey test to assess students' knowledge, essential for identifying gaps and adapting the teaching approach. The second moment consisted of the practical construction of the experimental sequence, using low-cost materials and involving them in the assembly. We selected three experiments: the Wave Machine, to explore concepts of mechanical waves; Water Basin Interference, to investigate constructive and destructive interference; and the Double Slit for Light experiment, to study electromagnetic waves. The third moment consisted of applying a final test to analyze progress in learning after implementing the teaching sequence. Data collection involved 119 students. The results indicated that experimentation in the teaching sequence was a good didactic alternative and contributes to the teaching and learning process. We expanded the possibility of using the proposed teaching sequence for Physics classes in high school to contextualize wave teaching.