Consumo de psicotrópico e adesão às práticas tradicionais de cura do povo Xukuru do Ororubá

Abstract

Objective: To describe the pattern of psychotropic use of the Xukuru do Ororubá residents of Aldeia Cimbres with a medical diagnosis of psychic illness, and adherence to traditional healing practices. Method: Descriptive, exploratory study, with a qualitative approach, developed with 6 indigenous users attended at the base pole Xukuru do Ororubá and residents of Aldeia Cimbres, Pesqueira, PE. The research protocol was approved by opinion No. 2,937,234 of the National Research Ethics Commission. Data were collected from the users' medical records, from the accompanying forms of psychotropic use from the Indigenous Health Agents (AIS) and through interviews, using a semi-structured research instrument. During the survey of research data between the years 2021 and 2022 in the pandemic period, the preventive health protocols of COVID-19 were respected. The data obtained by recording the interviews were transcribed and double checked to exclude the audios. Soon after, data analysis was carried out according to the narrative method in accordance with the proposed objectives. Results: Among the 867 indigenous users of the base pole Xukuru do Ororubá, assisted by two AIS, 52 users (6%) use psychotropic drugs and have a medical diagnosis of mental illness. The clinical data of this group revealed that the main problems are: Depressive Disorders (17.31%), Anxiety Disorders (23.08%) and multiple diagnoses (26.92%), where 25% have a diagnosis of depressive and anxiety disorders concomitantly. The main therapeutic approach used is the prescription of psychotropic drugs. It was evident that the medicalization process impacts on the transcultural process, causing a lack of knowledge and belief about the effectiveness of Traditional Healing Practices (TCP). The users in their statements always report the importance of using PTC, and how much it favors the healing process. The use of teas is what is most present in the daily lives of the indigenous people, showing that the use of these practices runs through generations, in all health-disease processes. The predominance of attributing diagnoses of mental disorders and prescribing psychotropic drugs breaks with the cosmology and individuality of each user, violating the guidelines brought by the Indigenous Health Care Policy. Therefore, the biomedical approach to health problems is opposed to the differentiated health care advocated by this policy.