Capacidade de uso das terras da bacia hidrográfica do rio Jaboatão - PE

Abstract

The intensive use of natural resources, mainly through agricultural practices and the phenomenon of urbanization, has been promoting environmental impacts, making it necessary to plan the use of land according to its capacity, reconciling the activities carried out and the good practices for soil conservation. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the capacity to use rural and urban lands in the hydrographic basin of the Jaboatão River - PE. It was used the support of Geoprocessing techniques for the framing of the lands according to the systems the capacity of use, evaluating characteristics of the relief and pedological aspects of the study area. An analysis of the conflicts between the recommended capacity and the current use of the land was carried out, with the help of a database collected in fieldwork. The results obtained for the rural area were that most of the basin, in the domain of Yellow Ultisols and RedYellow Ultisols (59.2%), is included in class IIe + IVe of the use capacity, an adaptation, given the vast area of undulating relief in the context of these soils, which makes cultivation impossible, but there are other areas with this same soil that have moderately undulating relief and show less restrictions for use, but simple conservation practices are necessary if cultivated. In the urban area of the basin, it was observed that for the waste disposal group 8.7% of the area is adequate and 26.7% restricted; for the group of urban constructions 16.9% of the area is adequate and 77.1% is restricted, and for the urban agriculture group it is restricted to 95% of the area. In the rural area, a conflict was observed, mainly associated with the inadequate planting of sugar cane, especially in the area corresponding to class V (22%), with a predominance of Gleysols, being suitable for pasture, reforestation, or wildlife. In the urban area, there are conflicts related to inadequate constructions and the waste treatment center in a partially inadequate area. The results obtained reinforce the importance of planning for land use to improve soil conservation in the studied area.