Análise da aplicação de sistemas de armazenamento de energia considerando a diversificação das fontes de geração renovável

Abstract

The energy transition experienced in the current electricity scenario has promoted the increased participation of variable renewable sources, especially solar and wind, in the generation matrix. Although environmentally sustainable, these sources pose operational challenges to the Electric Power System (EPS) due to their intermittency, unpredictability, and limited response capacity in contingency situations. In this context, Electric Energy Storage Systems (EES) emerge as promising technological alternatives, capable of mitigating the impacts arising from these limitations and increasing the levels of reliability, flexibility, and efficiency in system operations. This work aims to conduct a comparative analysis of the application of EES integrated with different renewable generation configurations—solar, wind, and hybrid—in order to assess the technical benefits arising from their inclusion and the specificities related to their implementation. To this end, specific models were developed for each integration scenario, defining operating parameters and sizing of the storage systems based on real generation data and the Grid Procedures of the National Electric System Operator (ONS). The simulations were conducted using the ANAREDE software, considering different operating conditions represented by light, medium, and heavy load levels. The results show that the inclusion of SAEs contributes positively to relieving load on system assets and increasing the operational robustness of the grid, with the hybrid generation scenario showing the most significant performance. This research reaffirms the importance of storage systems as strategic elements for enabling the full integration of renewable sources into the SIN, consolidating their position as fundamental tools for the operational security and sustainability of the national electricity sector.