Estudo de caso de sistema fotovoltaico da avaliação financeira entre a normativa nº482/2012 da ANEEL com a atual Lei nº14300/22

Abstract

The growing demand for clean and renewable energy has propelled the expansion of solar energy in Brazil, a country blessed with abundant sunlight. Resolution Normative No. 482/2012 from ANEEL played a crucial role in facilitating the generation of electricity from renewable sources such as solar and wind, on a small scale. However, to promote a more sustainable energy transition, the enactment of Law No. 14.300/2022 assumed a decisive role. This specific legislation established clear guidelines, optimizing the integration of photovoltaic systems and stimulating investments. This study sought to assess the financial viability of these regulations by comparing REN 482/2012 with Law 14.300/22. The analysis, conducted using metrics such as NPV, IRR, and Payback, revealed the economic viability of both. However, the initial panorama of REN 482 stood out, demonstrating a superior NPV, approximately R$2,094,862.88, and a faster return on investment, around 3.84 years. Additionally, a spreadsheet was developed simulating the costs and benefits of residential photovoltaic systems, considering the provisions of Law No. 14.300/22. This research highlights not only the importance of legislative evolution in solar energy but also the ongoing need to evaluate strategies for the economic viability of this renewable energy source, aiming for an energetically efficient and sustainable future for the country.