Caracterização de atributos físicos e químicos de solos cultivados com aceroleiras nos municípios de Pombos, Chã Grande e Primavera

Abstract

Acerola has aroused great interest in the market due to its high content of ascorbic acid (vitamin C), with Brazil being considered the largest world producer this fruit. The State of Pernambuco stands out as the largest producer of acerola in the country, producing 35% of the national production of acerola. However, little is known about the physical and chemical conditions of the soils located in the Pernambuco Forest Zone where acerola is grown. In this context, the present work aimed to characterize the physical and chemical conditions of acerola cultivated soils in the municipalities of Pombos, Chã Grande and Primavera. For this, soil density, particle density, gravimetric humidity and total porosity at depths from 0.0 to 0.10 m were evaluated; 0.10 to 0.20 m; 0.20 to 0.30 m and 0.30 to 0.40 m, and also the granulometry at depths of 0.0 to 0.20 m and 0.20 to 0.40 m. The levels of P, K+, Na+, Al3+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn were also determined, the values of pH, H+Al and organic carbon, and calculated the values of sum of bases, CTC, base saturation, saturation by aluminum and organic matter, at depths of 0.0 to 0.20 m and 0.20 to 0.40 m. It was observed that the studied soils presented great differences in their physical and chemical characteristics. Pombos soil has sandy clay franc texture and sandy clay; Chã Grande soil has sandy clay franc texture and clay texture; and the soil studied in Primavera has sandy clay texture and clay texture, respectively at depths of 0.0 to 0.20 m and 0.20 to 0.40 m. Regarding the chemical conditions of the soils, the highest nutrient contents found in the most superficial layers may be related to the cover fertilizers applied in the orchards.