Análise fitoquímica, doseamento de fenóis e flavonoides totais, atividade antioxidante e fotoprotetora de Clidemia hirta

Abstract

Clidemia hirta is commonly known as caiia, pixirica or peludinha. This species is distributed mainly in the Neotropical regions of the world, but is also found in Brazil. In folk medicine, C. hirta tea is used to treat wounds caused by Leshimania braziliensis and gastrointestinal disorders. Thus, the objective of this work was to investigate the chemical and biological potential of Clidemia hirta. The leaves of the plant species were collected in the municipality of Barreiros - Pernambuco, identified and deposited in the IPA Herbarium with the specimen number (92,548). The species was dried and ground, then the extracts were obtained in different polarities by exhaustive maceration. The solvents used to obtain the extracts were: hexane, AcOEt and MeOH. For the evaluation of the phytochemical profile, the extracts were tested in thin layer chromatography. Flavonoids and phenolic assays were performed, as well as evaluation of the antioxidant power by 4 methods. Clidemia hirta presented four classes of the nine researched: steroids, triterpenes, flavonoids and tannins. In the determination of phenolics and flavonoids from C. hirta, the ethyl acetate extract showed the highest amount of flavonoids and the methanolic extract the highest concentration of phenolics. The species showed antioxidant activity by all methods used, especially the ethyl acetate extract. Photoprotective activity, regarding the evaluation of the absorption capacity of UVA and UVB radiation, did not demonstrate satisfactory results in the evaluated concentrations. Clidemia hirta may present, with regard to antioxidant power, potential to be applied in herbal products. However, further studies must be carried out to confirm such action