Avaliação do conforto térmico proporcionado pelo raio de copa das árvores ao longo da faixa de caminhada do Sítio da Trindade no Recife, PE

Abstract

The objective of this work was to evaluate the thermal comfort provided by shading the canopy radius of the trees present in the immediate surroundings of the walking lane of the urban green area of Sítio da Trindade, located in the city of Recife, PE. Around the strip (up to 2m in length), a floristic survey of tree species was carried out (trees with height ≥3m) and the geolocation of each individual was recorded, with GPS GARMIN eTrex 20x, and a shape file was prepared using the Qgis software. of the 51 individuals present around the runway. For the same individuals, the canopy radii were measured, with a 10-meter measuring tape, to measure their diameters and the percentage of shading projection of each canopy in relation to the walking track was evaluated. To characterize the microclimatic data, three environments were considered: more wooded, less wooded and without trees. In each environment, measurements of temperature, relative humidity and wind speed were carried out in the shade and in the sun, with THAL-30. The arboreal flora present around the Park's walking track was represented by 14 species, of which four are native to the Atlantic Forest and the others exotic, nine species are deciduous and five are perennial and zoochory was the predominant dispersal syndrome (10 species ). The canopy diameters were quite varied (3.85 to 17.95m and an average of 9.63m), as well as the proportion of shading projection, which varied from 100% for about 50% of the individuals, but for 24% of the individuals this percentage of shading of their canopies on the walking trail was low (< 40% - full sun). The evaluation of temperature, air humidity and wind speed in the three environments (more wooded, little and no trees) indicated that the arboreal individuals of the Park influence the local microclimatic condition, notably decreasing the temperature and increasing the humidity. Thus, it is concluded that the present afforestation directly influences the thermal comfort of the Park, since in places without the presence of vegetation the temperature reached levels close to a desert area. Finally, it is recommended to plan adequate afforestation for urban green areas, at the time of their introduction and/or replacement/expansion, which can consider the morphological, ecological and origin characteristics of the plants, with direct benefits of well-being and better use of these public facilities by users of these areas, in order to guarantee an ecological balance on both sides, both for the urban fauna of the city in the pollination, dispersion and reproduction processes and for the environment in general, conditioned by the improvement the local microclimate.