Macrofauna Epígea em diferentes sistemas de uso do solo no assentamento Jundiá de Cima, em Tamandaré/PE

Abstract

Studies to assess soil quality in tropical regions have grown considerably in recent years. These studies are based on soil quality indicators, which are measurable properties (quantitative or qualitative), which assess the physical, chemical and biological properties, and allow for the characterization, evaluation and monitoring of changes occurring in the agroecosystem. The soil fauna performs in notable processes in the litter-soil interaction, such as, fragmentation of organic matter, decomposition and nutrient cycling, and they are heavily influenced by the external environment. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the density and diversity of epigeal macrofauna as an indicator of the effect on different systems of agroecological and conventional land use in the Jundiá de Cima settlement, in Tamandaré/PE. The land use systems studied were sugarcane in a conventional system, an agroforestry yard, integrated and sustainable agroecological production (PAIS) and a banana plantation in an agroecological system. Eight pitfall traps were installed in each area to capture soil fauna organisms, in ziczag fashion, totaling 32 traps. The installation of the traps took place on November 11, 2021 and the collection of epigeal macrofauna took place seven days after installation. A total of 991 individuals of the epigeal macrofauna belonging to the following orders were collected: Acarina, Aranea, Blattaria, Coleoptera, Diptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, Isoptera, Ortoptera and Thysanura. There was a predominance of the order Hymenoptera, represented by ants, in all evaluated systems. The land use systems interfere directly in the epigeal macrofauna, and the agroecological systems provided better diversity and evenness indices for the epigeal macrofauna when compared to the conventional sugarcane cultivation system. These results show the importance of the epigeal macrofauna as a bioindicator of soil quality in agroecosystems