Desenvolvimento de um sistema de informação geográfica web pra o monitoramento de ovitrampas

Abstract

In public health, a Geographic Information System (GIS) is feasible for monitoring vectors of diseases that can result in epidemics and lead to death, such as Dengue, Zika and Chikungunya transmitted by Aedes aegypti. The development of a GIS facilitates data analysis, because they are visualized through maps allowing the visualization of both the process and the result. In the city of Recife, the city government, through the Environmental Surveillance Center (CVA), monitors the infestation of Aedes aegypti using ovitraps installed in some parts of the city. At each periodic change, a paper form is filled out, one of the fields to be filled out is the total amount of eggs for each trap. In this perspective, the problem that arises refers to the following questions: Is this the best way to store data related to the monitoring of Aedes aegypti? Do researchers and the general population have easy access to this data? The Development of a Web Geographic Information System (GIS Web) seeks to facilitate the monitoring of ovitraps, through the structuring of a local geographic database (GIS) and web, containing the data obtained from the periodic counting of eggs deposited in ovitraps, weather information and information that spatially describes the location where they are located. Data collection and treatment: collection of primary data, obtained through a topographic survey with a geodetic GPS device and from the spreadsheets of health agents who already monitors the ovitraps on site, and secondary data collection, data that describe the location of ovitraps. Analysis and design of the application: the use cases, class diagram, the relational model of the database and the requirements of the GIS Web were defined. System development: Beginning of the development of the GIS Web, using the free IDE tool NetBeans and JAVA Servlet and JSP (JavaServer Pages) technologies. The first results came with the georeferencing of the ovitraps installed in the Várzea’s cemetery, a place that was already monitored by the City of Recife. After the topographic survey, the process of creating the spatial database and the insertion of georeferencing data was initiated, in addition to the data collected from ovitraps in previous years. With the implementation of the database, the development of the web system was initiated, based on the requirements raised with the researchers, who had a system training after the completion of its initial stage. One of the main aspects of the system is the option of generating graphs that relate the quantity of eggs to the temperature and precipitation of the place. This work demonstrated the importance of using Web Geographic Information Systems as a powerful tool in public health. The tool proved to be effective in terms of gaining efficiency in a service that was already running. The system makes it easier to store and analyze data, in addition to contributing so that the information can be easily available to the general population.