A necropolítica sob o olhar da análise do discurso: sujeito, sentido e memória no discurso político

Abstract

According to Pecheuxtian Discourse Analysis (DA), this paper aims to promote an analysis of the materialization of Brazilian political discourse nowadays. The discussion will be based on statements made by the current head of state in Brazil, Jair Messias Bolsonaro. We will discuss part of a statement the president made on a social network (Twitter). So on, we will analyze the meaning effects produced by his speech in defense of work, in opposition to quarantine, during the COVID-19 pandemic. We aim to see how it reflects the architecture of Capitalism itself. At the same time, the president's speech also points out a former process that refers to the updating of a discursive memory. Therefore, we take as precious the studies about ideology (ALTHUSSER, 1995) and necropolitics of Mbembe (2018) to the production of this article. Despite being geographically and temporally separated, both authors reflect on the same object: the meaning effects that capitalist discourse provokes on the practices of western society, especially on the proletariat. Also, we will revisit the ideas of discourse subject (PÊCHEUX, 2014) and discursive memory (COURTINE, 1979), always observing the process of identification and updating (by the subject) of an apparently forgotten discourse, which, in fact, was just waiting for fertile soil to germinate again. Within this paper, we hope to contribute to a reflection on how the political discourse contributes to the architecture of capitalism and has given it a new meaning (through necropolitics practices) and what is the price paid for the position taken.