Análise espaço-temporal do uso da terra da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Jaboatão – PE.

Abstract

Accelerated production of geographic space in the world has been responsible for significant changes in land use and land cover patterns and when these changes occur without proper planning can compromise environmental balance. The present work aims to perform a spatiotemporal analysis of land use and land cover of the Jaboatão river basin - PE, from a mapping of the changes that occurred between 1986, 2004 and 2018. This analysis goes through the quantification of the changes in the vegetation cover of the study area occurred in the respective years, analysis of the evolutionary process of land use in this same period, the mapping of the use classes through updated information, identification of Permanent Preservation Areas (PPAs). To perform this study Geoprocessing and Remote Sensing techniques were applied, starting from the application of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) to analyze changes in vegetation cover, supervised classification of satellite images to study the evolutionary process of the use of above-mentioned period, mapping of current uses based on satellite image information coupled with fieldwork data, and the mapping of APPs was performed from a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and then the APPs data were crossed with land use data. The growth of sparse to sparse vegetation and the decrease of sparse to dense vegetation in the observed period were observed; increase of urban area to the detriment of temporary farming and forest area; and that land use in the Jaboatão river basin area may be compromising the environmental balance, it was found that in PPAs, land use generally does not match what is provided for in environmental legislation. In this sense, it is recommended that the responsible agents seek alternatives aimed at the rational use of land in the Jaboatão-PE river basin area, so as to have a balance between economic development and sustainable use of natural resources for the purpose. to guarantee its existence for future generations.