Simulação CFD de um reator de leito fluidizado para captura do Co2

Abstract

Since the 1970s, monitoring and mitigating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions has been a topic of global interest, especially in light of increasing climate change and its consequences. This movement intensified in contemporary society, particularly with the signing of the Paris Agreement during the 21st United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP21) in 2015. In this context, the goal of reducing GHG emissions was established, with emphasis on carbon neutrality by 2060. Now, with COP30 in Belém (PA), new targets are being developed based on the previously agreed objectives. Therefore, the need to promote research and the development of technologies capable of attenuating or mitigating these emissions, especially carbon dioxide (CO₂), is evident. Given this scenario, the advancement of technologies focused on carbon sequestration, such as Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS), becomes even more urgent. CCS's main function is to remove CO₂ generated in industrial and energy processes. Multiphase reactors are a suitable piece of equipment to meet the necessary requirements of these processes. However, a challenge in modeling new technologies is the high cost and time inherent in the process. Therefore, one way to overcome these problems is through the use of computational simulation. Thus, this work aims to perform a computational simulation of a fluidized bed reactor using CFD modeling for CO₂ capture. The study made it possible to capture carbon dioxide through an adsorption reaction with potassium carbonate by varying the inlet velocity of the gas mixture. At lower velocities, a greater reduction in CO₂ was observed due to the longer residence time of the mixture.