Ionizador solar alternativo para tratamento de água de piscina

Abstract

The solar ionizer represents an alternative and sustainable approach to swimming pool water treatment, as it seeks to reduce dependence on chlorine while minimizing environmental and health-related impacts. The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of an alternative solar ionizer prototype for swimming pool water treatment in the city of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. This research is aligned with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, proposing a low environmental impact technology capable of reducing the formation of harmful disinfection by-products such as Trihalomethanes (THMs), which may pose risks to human health. The study was based on a comprehensive literature review of water disinfection systems, including the analysis of existing models and patents of solar ionizers in order to support the development of the proposed system. A functional prototype was then constructed in Recife using copper bars to release antimicrobial ions, powered by a 12-volt solar panel. The validation process involved installing the prototype in an experimental swimming pool located on Rua Guapé, nº 187, in the Zumbi neighborhood of Recife. During this stage, physicochemical and microbiological parameters were monitored and compared with the results obtained through conventional chlorination methods, in accordance with the ABNT NBR 10818:2016. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the solar ionizer in maintaining water quality, a significant reduction in chlorine consumption, and a favorable cost-benefit relationship. These findings indicate that the proposed technology represents an environmentally sustainable and economically viable alternative for swimming pool water management.