A formação acadêmica dos gestores hospitalares: um estudo comparativo entre projetos pedagógicos de curso de Institutos Federais de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia e as demandas do mercado de trabalho do setor público (2020-2025)

Abstract

This study aimed to identify whether the Pedagogical Course Projects (PPCs) of higher education programs in Hospital Management Technology, offered by Federal Institutes of Education, Science and Technology, meet the competencies demanded by the public service sector. This is a documentary, qualitative, and descriptive research, developed based on the analysis of two sets of documents: public service examination notices at the municipal, state, and federal levels published between 2020 and 2025, and PPCs of technological courses in Hospital Management offered by Federal Institutions. The comparative analysis revealed significant convergences between the training competencies outlined in the PPCs and the competencies required in public examinations, especially regarding the management of people, processes, projects, materials, quality, and operational sectors of health services, indicating an education aligned with the generalist profile required for public administration. However, relevant gaps were identified in areas such as hospital logistics, technological innovation, leadership, and socioemotional competencies— dimensions that have gained prominence in a health scenario marked by rapid transformations, increasing digitalization, and post-pandemic healthcare challenges. The results also highlighted the essential role of practical activities—internships, extension programs, integrative projects, case studies, and laboratory practices—as structuring elements of technological education, promoting the development of professional autonomy, problem-solving skills, and critical understanding of the health services network. It was also observed that the education offered by Federal Institutes should consider territorial specificities, given that health is deeply influenced by social determinants present in local, regional, and national realities; thus, curricula sensitive to territorial demands become essential to prepare managers capable of acting with technical relevance and social responsibility. It is concluded that, although the analyzed PPCs present solid educational foundations consistent with a significant portion of public sector demands, there is a need for continuous updating, especially regarding the integration of emerging technologies, strengthening of socioemotional competencies, and expansion of contextualized professional practices. Such adjustments may contribute to training hospital managers better prepared to address the contemporary challenges of Brazilian public health