Estação Meteorológica de baixo custo : uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

The pursuit of accessible climate monitoring solutions has driven the development of low-cost weather stations suitable for agricultural, urban, energy, and educational environments. These initiatives aim to fill gaps in environmental data collection, particularly in regions with limited infrastructure, enabling better control over climatic variables that directly affect agricultural production, urban planning, energy management, and environmental education. This systematic review seeks to identify and analyze the embedded technologies used in these systems, comparing their performance with widely adopted commercial models. Five studies published between 2010 and 2025 were selected, all featuring practical validation and a focus on real-world applications, ensuring scientific relevance and applicability. The results indicate that platforms such as Arduino, Raspberry Pi, and NodeMCU are efficient, versatile, and economically viable, promoting technological access and the democratization of climate information. These solutions support integration with various sensors—such as temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind speed, and rainfall—and offer wireless connectivity, cloud storage, and real-time data visualization, features typical of the Internet of Things. The adoption of these technologies fosters environmental awareness, strengthens sustainable practices, and contributes to addressing local and global climate challenges, especially within smart communities. In conclusion, low-cost weather stations represent a promising alternative to expanding access to science, technology, and high-quality environmental information across multiple sectors of society.