Diagnóstico ambiental e proposta de recuperação de área degrada por atividade de exploração mineral no município0 de Paudalho- PE

Abstract

The objective of this study was to perform an environmental diagnosis and propose alternatives for the recovery of an area degraded by natural resource exploitation activities, located in the municipality of Paudalho-PE. Using geoprocessing techniques and the software Google Earth and Qgis, an environmental characterization map of the area was created. Six different typologies were identified: area of exposed soil, area of remaining vegetation, area of secondary forest, area of natural regeneration, area with the presence of residences and area of fruit trees. In all of them, it was possible to characterize different environmental situations, from the presence of erosion features and gullies to areas with vegetation cover in an intermediate state of succession. In the areas with the presence of vegetation cover, botanical collection and identification of individuals was carried out, resulting in a floristic list with the presence of 50 species, both native and exotic. For each typology identified and characterized, recovery techniques were proposed, ranging from areas with indications of isolation of degradation factors only, to those with indications of soil recovery before planning for the recovery of vegetation cover. Given the proposal presented for the area, it becomes possible to recover it, returning over time to its composition of plant and animal species, the ecological processes that were lost and the environmental services provided. To do so, it is necessary that the owners have an interest in executing the project and recovering the area. Furthermore, the model adopted in this research can serve as a reference for other recovery projects that aim to restore areas degraded by economic activities.