Declaração ambiental do produto e suas interfaces com outras normas de adesão voluntária

Abstract

Environmental agendas tend to change social dynamics. These changes involve market issues, since marketing processes depend on limited natural resources in addition to factors such as product distribution, waste disposal, purchase and sale, depend on environmental infrastructure and also interfere with this infrastructure. To ensure the economic longevity of corporations and the resources necessary for their production, it is necessary to establish quality standards and command and control instruments that ensure good practices within corporations. In addition to the legislation that regulates commercial productions, voluntary adherence standards such as ISO and AQUA-HQE become decisive tools for commercial competitiveness, in the case of multinationals for example, as they deal with imports and exports, negotiations with foreign companies and increasingly conscious consumers. In the case of consumer goods production, several parts of the process generate environmental impacts throughout the life cycle. Among the well-established standards at a global level, dedicated to standardizing and regulating quality in the documentation of environmental impacts linked to the manufacture of products, are ISOs 14040 and 14044, dedicated to evaluating the product's life cycle. The life cycle report, however, is not the only document dedicated to reporting and measuring these impacts. Recently, in the European Union, the product's environmental declaration - DAP - has been widely used, and little by little it has also been adopted in Brazil. This declaration expands the documentary repertoire to assist consumers in decision-making, relationships between companies and even the actions that the corporation itself can adopt to reduce impacts related to the production of its products. Therefore, the present work set out to objectively explain how to make a DAP, and explain the similarities and differences between ISOs 14040 and 14044, since the life cycle assessment is commonly confused with the product's environmental declaration. However, the difference is significant. DAP needs ACV to exist, certain that while DAP is a first or third party labeling, ACV is an analysis of the entire manufacturing process of the product until its commercialization and/or final disposal.