Vulnerabilidade ambiental às mudanças do clima na zona da mata sul de Pernambuco utilizando imagens de satélite

Abstract

Global climate change leads to important discussions in the political, economic and social spheres, as part of the governance strategies of various countries. This concern is in the index of environmental vulnerability to which the populations and territories are exposed, being the climatic changes an aggravating factor. In Pernambuco, the answers of this change are perceived by analyzes in the alterations of the water regimes in the last years. In the Southern Forest Zone, characterized by the presence of the Atlantic Forest, the tendency is the loss of wet forest with the increase of the global climatic temperature, according to data estimated by the IPCC. The work shows the changes in land use and occupation in the region and the relationship between the current landscape situation and the vulnerability to climate change using thematic maps elaborated from Landsat satellite images using QGIS and SPRING software. As a result, it was observed the reduction of vegetation cover, giving space for urban expansion, rural anthropic activities and mainly increase of exposed soil areas. The intense changes brought about by human actions further enhance vulnerabilities to climate change, and this is the main fact to watch for the situation of such drastic changes in the landscape of the study area. This change in the conjuncture in the use and occupation of the soil makes the environment more exposed to the changes of the climate, therefore aggravating the readaptation of organisms that need a longer period of time to adjust to the new environmental conditions