Construção de um aparato experimental de baixo custo para análise espectral e inserção do modelo atômico de Bohr no ensino de física moderna

Abstract

In the developed paper, we built a low cost spectrometer for measuring the wavelengths of the spectral lines of gas lamp radiation, which can be used in teaching the Bohr atomic model. The preparation of the project was done through the AutoCad 3D platform, and in most of the development we used low cost materials, mainly from scrap metal. The program used for reading and interpreting the spectral lines was developed in Python language, which is a open source, with the help of OpenCV libraries for image processing and Matplotlib for graphic construction. Through a diffraction network with 1000 lines/mm, a Webcam and a slit adjustable by a micrometer, it was possible to capture sharp images of the electromagnetic spectrum of a fluorescent lamp. We had consistent results with the program developed and the value of the wavelengths were close to the works used for comparison, with these results we associated the wavelengths of the spectral lines with the chemical elements that make up the lamp used. We can relate, in a simplified way, the results obtained to the topics of Physics teaching and we make a proposal of application of the experiment in the discussion of Bohr's atomic model.