A Susceptibilidade a erosão laminar no Recife e a vulnerabilidade social no Bairro da Linha do Tiro : os problemas ambientais e sociais no mesmo espaço.

Abstract

Laminar erosion is a natural process that promotes the transport of surface soil material, resulting in landscape change dynamics. Large urban centers, due to their expansion, lack of infrastructure and environmental education, have suffered from environmental degradation, such as laminar and linear erosion processes. mentioned erosion, which intensified can generate gravitational mass movements, mainly in barrier areas where a large part of the Recife population lives, which are vulnerable to this process. The lack of vegetation cover, high levels of precipitation, slope characteristics, soils, geology, and slope shapes are important analysis aspects to understand this susceptibility. Recife has important areas with a high rate of erosion, the neighborhoods that make up RPA 2, and more particularly, the neighborhood of Linha do Tiro, figure as a high risk for laminar erosion. In addition to environmental aspects, it is important to analyze the socioeconomic conditions of the community, as some contexts add an element of social vulnerability, and together with the natural susceptibility, this area becomes of academic interest. The data of this research was produced from geoprocessing of maps of soils, declivity, altimetry, geology, shape of the slopes, NDVI, susceptibility to laminar erosion of Recife, statistical maps on the socioeconomic data for the neighborhood of Linha do Tiro extracted from the site from the IBGE, and crossed with the altimetry, slope and laminar erosion maps of the aforementioned neighborhood, in addition to an on-site visit, to carry out supporting analyzes and photographic records, especially in the location of Córrego da Jaqueira, which proved to be the most susceptible erosion is what presents the greatest vulnerability due to the severity of the social indices analyzed. Finally, it can be seen that the conditions of susceptibility to laminar erosion in Recife are serious, the neighborhood of Linha do Tiro presents a high degree for this type of erosion and when evaluated associated with the conditions of socio-environmental vulnerability of the neighborhood, it can be seen that social conditions, contribute to increase the effects on the community. In this way, it is necessary for the public power to be aware of all this information to plan the proper action and guarantee support to avoid the socio-environmental damage observed in the area.