Análise dos fatores que influenciam no desempenho dos estudantes em disciplinas práticas

Abstract

In engineering, practical disciplines are essential for students to become protagonists of their own learning, allowing for the direct application of theoretical concepts in real

situations. They are also powerful tools to make education more interesting and re- levant, contributing to the formation of more critical and creative citizens, prepared for

professional and academic life. Despite the importance of practical disciplines, students at IFPE Campus Pesqueira face difficulties and present low grades in the subjects of Electronics Laboratory II and Microcontrollers. The objective of this work is to select,

develop, and test tools for data collection to preliminarily understand the current scena- rio of the teaching-learning process in the Electronics Laboratory II and Microcontrollers

subjects. To achieve this objective, theoretical studies were conducted and three techni- ques were selected: non-participant observation in the classroom, questionnaires, and

an interview with the teacher. Data collection was carried out using these tools, and the non-participant observation presents six categories of elements that were observed: acts, activities, meanings, participation, relationships, and situations. Questionnaires

were developed to evaluate students’ perceptions of the usefulness of the guides, un- derstanding of the theory, confidence in performing the practical tasks, among others.

The interview with the teacher aimed to collect information that could not be gathe- red through the other selected methods. Data collection took place during the 2024.1

academic semester, and from the data analysis, it was possible to suggest improve- ments in data collection tools and procedures, as well as to verify the importance of

adequate infrastructure, efficient teaching materials, and proper guidance for the un- derstanding and completion of practical activities, among others. Finally, we suggest

improvements in the teaching-learning process and provide information for administra- tive decision-making.