Campus Belo Jardim

Hesitação vacinal e adesão no Programa Nacional de Imunização: fatores que influenciam a decisão dos pais e responsáveis

Mon, 16 Jun 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Hesitação vacinal e adesão no Programa Nacional de Imunização: fatores que influenciam a decisão dos pais e responsáveis This study examines the factors that influence parental hesitancy regarding childhood vaccination within the framework of the National Immunization Program (PNI) in Brazil. Established in 1973 and officially implemented in 1975, the PNI is a key public health strategy responsible for the free distribution and administration of vaccines. However, in recent years—especially during the COVID-19 pandemic—there has been a notable decline in childhood vaccination coverage. This drop has been attributed to various factors such as misinformation, limited access to health services, changes in the operating hours of health units, social distancing, and sociocultural aspects. The methodology adopted was an integrative literature review, utilizing databases such as PubMed, SciELO, Google Scholar, and official documents from the Ministry of Health and the World Health Organization (WHO). Publications from the past ten years that address vaccine hesitancy, the impacts of the pandemic, and coping strategies were analyzed. The results show that vaccine hesitancy is not limited to outright refusal; it also includes other barriers such as fear of side effects, the influence of fake news, ambiguous political speeches, and religious and cultural factors. During the pandemic, fear of virus exposure, temporary suspension of services, and the spread of false information intensified the problem, leaving many children without proper immunization. Strategies such as outreach vaccination, school-based campaigns, extended hours at vaccination rooms, and the involvement of Community Health Workers (CHWs) proved essential for improving vaccination coverage. The study also highlights the importance of legal regulations—such as Law No. 6.259/1975 and Decree No. 78.231/1976—which mandate free vaccination in Brazil. In conclusion, tackling vaccine hesitancy requires intersectoral and ongoing actions such as continuous education, combating fake news, strengthening primary care, using digital tools, and maintaining open communication with the public. Overcoming this challenge is vital to preserve the achievements of the PNI and protect public health, especially that of children

Elaboração de álbum seriado como dispositivo de informação acerca da Lei da Laqueadura

Tue, 08 Apr 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Elaboração de álbum seriado como dispositivo de informação acerca da Lei da Laqueadura Objective: to create an educational album about the Tubal Ligation Law for women in basic health units. Method: This is a methodological study to develop a graphic resource through stages. The first stage consisted of collecting information, where articles in English and Portuguese were selected, and about the Family Planning Law (Law No. 9263 of January 12, 1996), focusing on Law 14,443/2022, which has been changing regarding tubal ligation; the second stage was the development of a script with the information collected through the review. This was constructed in a clear, objective and understandable way and the third stage concludes the development of the serial album through Gagné's theoretical framework. The environment in which the plot of the album was constructed was taken into consideration, as well as the age of the characters, color and ethnicity so that no group is excluded. Result: The serial album has 15 pages and has the theme "The new tubal ligation law". It consists of a cover, technical sheet, script and reference sheets. The main characters, the nurse and the patient, lead the narrative throughout the album. Discussion: In the educational context of health, the visual resources in question, the serial album, favor the addition and fixation of knowledge, since it brings illustrations and descriptively explanatory scripts, facilitating learning and making the information more accessible to the target audience. Conclusion: The study demonstrated the importance of educational technology developed as a tool to expand access to information in a clear and objective way, especially in the context of women, in order to reduce rates of unwanted pregnancies, respecting their rights and choices.

Desempenho do escore de alerta precoce modificado (MEWS) na atenção primária em saúde: uma revisão sistemática da literatura

Fri, 04 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Desempenho do escore de alerta precoce modificado (MEWS) na atenção primária em saúde: uma revisão sistemática da literatura Objective: To conduct a systematic literature review to assess the use and performance of the MEWS in unmonitored patients treated in primary care. Method: A descriptive, exploratory, quantitative approach, based on the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, aimed to identify and critically analyze the available scientific evidence on the performance of the MEWS in PHC. The guiding question was developed based on the PICo strategy, combining controlled descriptors (MeSH, DeCS) and keywords. The descriptors included: "Clinical Deterioration"; "Early Warning Score"; "Primary Care"; "Primary Health Care." The study was conducted between January and April 2025, using a 10-year timeframe for article screening. Results: A total of 541 studies were identified, of which 11 comprised the final sample for this study. It was observed that no studies using the MEWS were conducted in Brazil or derived from Brazilian research. Other relevant and significant data were the MEWS value assigned as a cutoff, with a value of 3, consistent with the MEWS used in Brazilian hospital care and the main outcome being transfer to hospital settings. The MEWS can be used in primary care, but studies are limited, addressing its use in specific populations such as the elderly. However, these are robust studies published in journals with a high impact factor (3.6 ± 0.8/p=0.001). In studies conducted in PHC, a decrease in the mortality rate was observed (6.8 ± 1.4/p<0.0001), and the MEWS value is consistent with studies conducted in hospital care, with a cutoff of 3 (p<0.0001). The available studies on the application of the MEWS score in PHC originate from foreign countries, which highlights that this tool has not yet been applied, validated, or tested within the context of Brazilian PHC. Conclusion: Implementing the MEWS in primary health care represents a promising strategy for improving the quality of care provided at this level.

Gestão de qualidade: estruturação de instrumento de solicitação de imunobiológicos especiais

Thu, 10 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Gestão de qualidade: estruturação de instrumento de solicitação de imunobiológicos especiais The Special Immunobiological Centers (CRIEs), established in 1993, are responsible for the distribution of specialized immunobiologicals to patients with specific conditions and severe adverse reactions to vaccines. To ensure the effectiveness of immunization strategies, the Ministry of Health provides manuals containing guidelines and proce- dures for healthcare professionals, especially nurses, who play a central role in vacci- nation. In the state of Pernambuco, the healthcare structure is organized to support municipalities and vaccination teams, emphasizing the importance of nurses in guiding and promoting health for special patient populations.The proposed study aims to de- velop an efficient and standardized request instrument for special immunobiologicals within the Unified Health System (SUS), based on the 2023 Special Immunobiologicals Manual. The objective was to create a protocol to guide healthcare professionals, par- ticularly nurses, in requesting these products, with a focus on comprehensive and equi- table care. The methodology included a literature review and analysis of the Ministry of Health's manuals, in addition to proposing improvements to the current request ins- trument used in Pernambuco.In Pernambuco, the request process for special immu- nobiologicals has been reorganized to facilitate product access, allowing patients from remote areas of the state to receive them within their local municipalities. Primary Health Care (PHC), as the main entry point to the SUS, plays a crucial role in immuni- zation. Nevertheless, low vaccination adherence remains a persistent challenge, ma- king the identification and guidance of patients essential to ensure vaccine coverage. The implementation of this protocol could optimize both access and the quality of immunization, thereby contributing to public health.